Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina's mining history dates back centuries, with the first known mining activity in the region dating back to the Roman Empire. During the Ottoman Empire, the region was an important source of copper, lead, and zinc ore. With the onset of industrialization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Bosnia and Herzegovina's mining sector experienced significant growth thanks to its abundant natural resources, including lignite coal, iron ore, bauxite, and other minerals.

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In the 20th century, mining operations were nationalized by the Yugoslav government, leading to the establishment of large state-owned mining companies. However, the breakup of Yugoslavia and the subsequent war in the 1990s had a devastating impact on Bosnia and Herzegovina's mining industry. Many mines were damaged or destroyed during the conflict, and the subsequent economic and political instability hampered efforts to rebuild the sector. Today, the mining industry remains an important contributor to Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy, accounting for around 5% of GDP and providing employment for thousands of people. However, ongoing challenges related to infrastructure, environmental concerns, and a lack of investment mean that the sector still has significant growth potential.