Peru

Peru has a rich history in mining that dates back to pre-Columbian times. The Incas, who were master metalworkers, mined and processed silver, gold, copper, and other metals. After the Spanish conquest, Peru became the center of the Spanish Empire's mining operations in the Americas. The Spanish exploited the country's rich mineral resources, including the famous silver mines at Potosi in present-day Bolivia, which were part of the Viceroyalty of Peru.

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In the 20th century, Peru's mining industry experienced significant growth, with the discovery of new deposits of copper, gold, silver, zinc, and lead. Large mining companies, both national and international, have been investing heavily in Peru's mining sector, leading to significant economic growth in the country. Today, mining continues to be a vital industry for Peru, contributing to about 10% of its GDP and providing thousands of jobs. However, the industry also faces challenges related to environmental concerns, labor rights, and indigenous communities' rights.