Zambia

Zambia has a long mining history that dates back to the pre-colonial era when indigenous people used to mine copper and iron. However, modern mining began in the early 20th century when British South Africa Company (BSAC) established mining and smelting operations in major copperbelt towns such as Luanshya, Kitwe, and Ndola. With the discovery of huge copper deposits, Zambia quickly became one of the world's leading copper producers, accounting for about 10% of global production.

​

During the 1960s and 1970s, Zambia nationalized the mining industry, which led to an increase in production and income. However, the industry was later plagued by mismanagement, corruption, and declining copper prices, which led to reduced investment in the sector. In recent years, the government has made efforts to improve the mining industry, including attracting new investors, promoting exploration, and reforming outdated mining laws. Today, Zambia remains a significant copper producer and also mines other minerals such as cobalt, gold, and nickel.