New Zealand

Mining has played a significant role in the economic development of New Zealand, from the early days of European settlement to the present. The discovery of gold in the mid-1800s saw a rush of miners from around the world, leading to the establishment of many new towns and the rapid growth of the mining industry. Large-scale gold mining continued through the 20th century, with other minerals such as coal and iron being mined as well.

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However, the mining industry has also faced controversy and protests due to environmental concerns and the impact on indigenous communities. In recent years, the government has introduced new regulations and initiatives to ensure responsible mining practices, including a ban on new offshore oil and gas exploration. Despite challenges, the mining industry remains an important part of the New Zealand economy, contributing to exports and job opportunities.